different between brazen vs coward
brazen
English
Alternative forms
- brasen
Etymology
From Middle English brasen, from Old English bræsen (“brazen, of brass”); equivalent to brass +? -en (compare golden).
The word originally meant “of brass”; the figurative verb sense (as in brazen it out (“face impudently”)) dates from the 1550s (perhaps evoking the sense “face like brass, unmoving and not showing shame”), and the adjective sense “impudent” from the 1570s. Compare bold as brass.
Pronunciation
- enPR: br?z?n, IPA(key): /?b?e?z?n/
- Rhymes: -e?z?n
- Hyphenation: braz?en
Adjective
brazen (comparative more brazen, superlative most brazen)
- (archaic) Pertaining to, made of, or resembling brass (in color or strength).
- 1786, Francis Grose, Military Antiquities Respecting a History of the English Army, from the Conquest to the Present Time, London: Printed for S. Hooper […], OCLC 745209064; republished as Military Antiquities Respecting a History of the English Army, from the Conquest to the Present Time, volume II, new [2nd] edition with material additions and improvements, London: Printed for T[homas] Egerton, […]; & G. Kearsley, […], 1801, OCLC 435979550, page 262:
- Brazen or rather copper swords seem to have been next introduced; these in process of time, workmen learned to harden by the addition of some other metal or mineral, which rendered them almost equal in temper to iron.
- 1786, Francis Grose, Military Antiquities Respecting a History of the English Army, from the Conquest to the Present Time, London: Printed for S. Hooper […], OCLC 745209064; republished as Military Antiquities Respecting a History of the English Army, from the Conquest to the Present Time, volume II, new [2nd] edition with material additions and improvements, London: Printed for T[homas] Egerton, […]; & G. Kearsley, […], 1801, OCLC 435979550, page 262:
- Sounding harsh and loud, like brass cymbals or brass instruments.
- 1697, Virgil; John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. Translated into English Verse; […], London: Printed for Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 839376905; republished as The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. Translated into English Verse by Mr. Dryden. In Three Volumes, volume III, 5th edition, London: Printed by Jacob Tonson […], 1721, OCLC 181805247, book IX, page 822, lines 667–670:
- And now the Trumpets terribly from far, / With rattling Clangor, rouze the sleepy War. / The Souldiers Shouts succeed the Brazen Sounds, / And Heav'n, from Pole to Pole, the Noise rebounds.
- 1697, Virgil; John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. Translated into English Verse; […], London: Printed for Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 839376905; republished as The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. Translated into English Verse by Mr. Dryden. In Three Volumes, volume III, 5th edition, London: Printed by Jacob Tonson […], 1721, OCLC 181805247, book IX, page 822, lines 667–670:
- (archaic) Extremely strong; impenetrable; resolute.
- Shamelessly shocking and offensive; audacious; impudent; barefaced; immodest, unblushing. [from 1570s.]
Derived terms
- brazen age
- brazen bull
- brazenface
- brazen-faced
- brazen sea
- brazenly
- brazenness
Translations
See also
- effrontery
Verb
brazen (third-person singular simple present brazens, present participle brazening, simple past and past participle brazened)
- (intransitive) To turn a brass color.
- (transitive) Generally followed by out or through: to carry through in a brazen manner; to act boldly despite embarrassment, risk, etc. [from 1550s.]
Derived terms
- brazen it out
Translations
References
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coward
English
Etymology
From Middle English coward, from Old French coart, cuard ( > French couard), from coue (“tail”), coe + -ard (pejorative agent noun suffix); coue, coe is in turn from Latin cauda. The reference seems to be to an animal “turning tail”, or having its tail between its legs, especially a dog. Unrelated to English cower. Displaced native Old English earg.
Pronunciation
- (UK) enPR: kou'?d, IPA(key): /?ka??d/
- (US) enPR: kou'?rd, IPA(key): /?ka??d/
- Hyphenation: co?ward
- Homophone: cowered
Noun
coward (plural cowards)
- A person who lacks courage.
- 1856: Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part II Chapter IV, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling
- He tortured himself to find out how he could make his declaration to her, and always halting between the fear of displeasing her and the shame of being such a coward, he wept with discouragement and desire. Then he took energetic resolutions, wrote letters that he tore up, put it off to times that he again deferred.
- 1856: Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part II Chapter IV, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling
Synonyms
- chicken
- scaredy pants
- yellowbelly
- See also Thesaurus:coward
Derived terms
Translations
Adjective
coward (comparative more coward, superlative most coward)
- Cowardly.
- c. 1605, William Shakespeare, King Lear, Act II, Scene 4,[1]
- He rais’d the house with loud and coward cries.
- 1709, Matthew Prior, “Celia to Damon” in Poems on Several Occasions, London: Jacob Tonson, 2nd edition, p. 89,[2]
- Invading Fears repel my Coward Joy;
- And Ills foreseen the pleasant Bliss destroy.
- c. 1605, William Shakespeare, King Lear, Act II, Scene 4,[1]
- (heraldry, of a lion) Borne in the escutcheon with his tail doubled between his legs.
Verb
coward (third-person singular simple present cowards, present participle cowarding, simple past and past participle cowarded)
- (transitive, obsolete) To intimidate.
- 1820, John Chalkhill, Thealma and Clearchus
- The first he coped with was their captain, whom / His sword sent headless to seek out a tomb. / This cowarded the valour of the rest, […]
- 1820, John Chalkhill, Thealma and Clearchus
References
- Coward in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)
coward From the web:
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