different between castle vs station

English

Etymology

From Middle English castle, castel, from late Old English castel, castell (“a town, village, castle”), borrowed from Late Latin castellum (“small camp, fort”), diminutive of Latin castrum (“camp, fort, citadel, stronghold”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“hut, shed”). Doublet of castell, castellum, and château. Parallel borrowings (from Late Latin or Old French) are Scots castel, castell (“castle”), West Frisian kastiel (“castle”), Dutch kasteel (“castle”), German Kastell (“castle”), Danish kastel (“citadel”), Swedish kastell (“citadel”), Icelandic kastali (“castle”), Welsh castell. The Middle English word was reinforced by Anglo-Norman/Old Northern French castel, itself from Late Latin castellum (“small camp, fort”) (compare modern French château from Old French chastel). If Latin castrum (“camp, fort, citadel, stronghold”) is from Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“hut, shed”), Latin casa (“cottage, hut”) is related. Possibly related also to Gothic ???????????????????? (h?þj?, “chamber”), Old English heaþor (“restraint, confinement, enclosure, prison”). See also casino, cassock.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: käs'(?)l, IPA^(key): /?k??s?l/, /k??sl?/
• Rhymes: -??s?l
• (US, Canada, Northern England) enPR: k?s'(?)l, IPA^(key): /?kæs?l/, /kæsl?/
• Rhymes: -æs?l

Noun

castle (plural castles)

1. A large building that is fortified and contains many defences; in previous ages often inhabited by a nobleman or king.
2. (chess) An instance of castling.
3. (chess, informal) A rook; a chess piece shaped like a castle tower.
4. (shogi) A defense structure in shogi formed by defensive pieces surrounding the king.
5. (obsolete) A close helmet.
6. (dated) Any strong, imposing, and stately mansion.
7. (dated) A small tower, as on a ship, or an elephant's back.
8. (cricket, colloquial) The wicket.
   • 1966, Gurdeep Singh, Cricket in Northern India (page 59)

     Nay, he was quite an adept, and was very effective as a change bowler, for in no time he demolished the castle of any batsman.

Usage notes

For the chess piece, chess players prefer the term rook.

Synonyms

• (building): fortress

Hyponyms

• (building): keep, motte and bailey

Coordinate terms

• (building): castellan (overseer); castellate, castellany (domain); incastle, castellate, incastellate (to make into a castle); castellate, castellated, incastled, incastellated (castle-like)

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

See also

• Appendix:Chess pieces

Verb

castle (third-person singular simple present castles, present participle castling, simple past and past participle castled)

1. (transitive) To house or keep in a castle.
   • 1611, John Florio, Queen Anna's New World of Words, s.v. "Castellare":

     ...to encastle, to Castle.

   • 1871, Robert Browning, "Prince Hohenstiel-Schwangau, Saviour of Society", 116:

     ...Some fierce tribe, castled on the mountain-peak...

2. (transitive, figuratively) To protect or separate in a similar way.
   • 1655, William Gurnall, The Christian in Compleat Armour, 1st Pt., 32:

     Castle me in the armes of thy everlasting strength.

3. (obsolete) To make into a castle: to build in the form of a castle or add (real or imitation) battlements to an existing building.
   • c. 1386, Geoffrey Chaucer, Canterbury Tales, "The Parson's Tale":

     ...Bake metes and dish metes... peynted and castelled with papir...

4. (usually intransitive, chess) To move the king 2 squares right or left and, in the same turn, the nearest rook to the far side of the king. The move now has special rules: the king cannot be in, go through, or end in check; the squares between the king and rook must be vacant; and neither piece may have been moved before castling.
   • 1656, Francis Beale translating Gioachino Greco as The Royall Game of Chesse-Play, Being the Study of Biochimo, p. 8:

     He [i.e., the king] may change (or Castle) with this Rooke, that is, he may goe two draughts at once towards this Rooke... causing the Rooke to stand next to him on either side.

   • 1835, William Lewis, Chess for Beginners, Ch. 5, p. 24:

     No. 24. ¶ If your adversary make a false move, castle improperly, &c., you must take notice of such irregularity before you move, or even touch a piece, or you are no longer allowed to inflict any penalties.

5. (usually intransitive, shogi) To create a similar defensive position in Japanese chess through several moves.
6. (cricket) To bowl a batsman with a full-length ball or yorker such that the stumps are knocked over.
   • 2009, BBC Sport, "Lightning Bolt Blows Over Gayle":

     And the 23-year-old brought the crowd to their feet when he castled Gayle's stumps, signalling the direction of the pavilion to his friend for good measure.

   • 2011, Firdose Moonda, ESPNcricinfo, "A Day for Missed Hat-tricks":

     He bowled Vinay with a full, straight ball that castled off stump and then dished up a yorker that RP Singh backed away to and sent onto his stumps.

Synonyms

• (to house in a castle): castellate, incastellate
• (to make into a castle): See fortify

Derived terms

• castle up, castle short, castle long

Translations

Anagrams

• CELTAs, Castel, cleats, eclats, sclate, éclats

Middle English

Noun

castle

1. Alternative form of castel

English

Etymology

From Middle English stacioun, borrowed from Anglo-Norman estation, from Latin stati?nem, accusative of stati? (“standing, post, job, position”), whence also Italian stazione. Doublet of stagione.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ste???n/
• Rhymes: -e???n

Noun

station (plural stations)

1. A stopping place.
   1. A regular stopping place for ground transportation.

   2. A ground transportation depot.

   3. A place where one stands or stays or is assigned to stand or stay.
      • 1886, Robert Louis Stevenson, Strange Case Of Dr Jekyll And Mr Hyde

        " […] Meanwhile, lest anything should really be amiss, or any malefactor seek to escape by the back, you and the boy must go round the corner with a pair of good sticks and take your post at the laboratory door. We give you ten minutes, to get to your stations."
   4. (US) A gas station, service station.
      • 2012 October 31, David M. Halbfinger, "[1]," New York Times (retrieved 31 October 2012):

        Localities across New Jersey imposed curfews to prevent looting. In Monmouth, Ocean and other counties, people waited for hours for gasoline at the few stations that had electricity. Supermarket shelves were stripped bare.

2. A place where workers are stationed.
   1. An official building from which police or firefighters operate.

   2. A place where one performs a task or where one is on call to perform a task.

   3. A military base.

   4. A place used for broadcasting radio or television.

   5. (Australia, New Zealand) A very large sheep or cattle farm.
      • 1890, A. B. Paterson, The Man From Snowy River,

        There was movement at the station, for the word had passed around, / that the colt from old Regret had got away,

      • 1993, Kay Walsh, Joy W. Hooton, Dowker, L. O., entry in Australian Autobiographical Narratives: 1850-1900, page 69,

        Tiring of sheep, he took work on cattle stations, mustering cattle on vast unfenced holdings, and looking for work ‘nigger-bossing’, or supervising Aboriginal station hands.

      • 2003, Margo Daly, Anne Dehne, Rough Guide to Australia, page 654,

        The romance of the gritty station owner in a crumpled Akubra, his kids educated from the remote homestead by the School of the Air, while triple-trailer road trains drag tornadoes of dust across the plains, creates a stirring idea of the modern-day pioneer battling against the elemental Outback.

3. (Christianity) Any of the Stations of the Cross.
4. (Christianity) The Roman Catholic fast of the fourth and sixth days of the week, Wednesday and Friday, in memory of the council which condemned Christ, and of his passion.
5. (Christianity) A church in which the procession of the clergy halts on stated days to say stated prayers.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Addis & Arnold to this entry?)

6. Standing; rank; position.
   • And they in France of the best rank and station

7. A broadcasting entity.

8. (Newfoundland) A harbour or cove with a foreshore suitable for a facility to support nearby fishing.
9. (surveying) Any of a sequence of equally spaced points along a path.
10. The particular place, or kind of situation, in which a species naturally occurs; a habitat.
11. (mining) An enlargement in a shaft or galley, used as a landing, or passing place, or for the accommodation of a pump, tank, etc.
12. Post assigned; office; the part or department of public duty which a person is appointed to perform; sphere of duty or occupation; employment.
13. (medicine) The position of the foetal head in relation to the distance from the ischial spines, measured in centimetres.
14. (obsolete) The fact of standing still; motionlessness, stasis.
    • 1646, Sir Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica, III.5:

      […] the cross legs [are] moving or resting together, so that two are always in motion and two in station at the same time […]

15. (astronomy) The apparent standing still of a superior planet just before it begins or ends its retrograde motion.

Synonyms

• (broadcasting entity): (that broadcasts television) channel
• (ground transport depot): sta (abbreviation), stn (abbreviation)
• (military base): base, military base
• (large sheep or cattle farm): farm, ranch

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? Cebuano: estasyon
• ? Hindi: ?????? (s?e?an)
• ? Irish: stáisiún
• ? Malay: stesen
• ? Punjabi: ??????/?????? (sa???an)
• ? Scottish Gaelic: stèisean
• ? Urdu: ?????? (s?e?an)

Translations

References

• “station” in the Canadian Oxford Dictionary, Second Edition, Oxford University Press, 2004. (Newfoundland station)

Verb

station (third-person singular simple present stations, present participle stationing, simple past and past participle stationed) (transitive)

1. (usually passive) To put in place to perform a task.

   The host stationed me at the front door to greet visitors.

   I was stationed on the pier.

   • The Costa Rican's lofted corner exposed Arsenal's own problems with marking, and Berbatov, stationed right in the middle of goal, only needed to take a gentle amble back to find the space to glance past Vito Mannone

2. To put in place to perform military duty.

   They stationed me overseas just as fighting broke out.

   I was stationed at Fort Richie.

Translations

Anagrams

• sat on it

Danish

Etymology

From Latin stati? (“position, station”), derived from the verb stare (“to stand”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sd?a??o?n]

Noun

station c (singular definite stationen, plural indefinite stationer)

1. station (major stopping place for busses or trains)
2. station (a building which is the center for an institution, in particular a police station)
3. station (a company broadcasting radio or television)

Inflection

Derived terms

• brandstation
• endestation
• flyvestation
• mellemstation
• politistation
• pumpestation
• radiostation
• rutebilstation
• stationsby
• togstation

References

• “station” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from French station.

Pronunciation

• (Netherlands) IPA^(key): /sta????n/
• Hyphenation: sta?ti?on
• Rhymes: -?n

Noun

station n (plural stations, diminutive stationnetje n)

1. station (place for vehicles to stop)

   Synonym: statie

Derived terms

• benzinestation
• eindstation
• metrostation
• NS-station
• onderzoeksstation
• pompstation
• ruimtestation
• stationsgebouw
• stationschef
• tramstation
• treinstation
• tussenstation
• wegwaaistation
• weerstation

Descendants

• ? Indonesian: stasiun
• ? Javanese: setasiyun

See also

• depot

French

Etymology

From Old French estation, estacion, borrowed from Latin st?ti?, st?ti?nem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sta.sj??/

Noun

station f (plural stations)

1. station

Derived terms

Further reading

• “station” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• tâtions

Interlingua

Noun

station (plural stationes)

1. station (place where workers are stationed)

Scots

Etymology

From Middle English st?cioun, from Anglo-Norman estation, from Latin stati?nem, accusative of stati? (“standing, post, job, position”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?ste??n]

Noun

station (plural stations)

1. station

References

• “station” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
• “station” in Eagle, Andy, editor, The Online Scots Dictionary^[4], 2016.
• “station” in John J Graham, The Shetland Dictionary, Lerwick: Shetland Times Ltd, 1979, ?ISBN.

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin stati?nem, accusative of stati?.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sta??u?n/

Noun

station c

1. station
   1. A facility used for broadcasting of transmissions.
   2. A facility (used by a state run department) or by scientists for collecting data.
   3. Place where one exits or enters a train, bus etc.

Declension

Related terms

• stationär

Derived terms

(facility used for broadcasting):

(facility used by a department or collecting of data):

(place where one exits or enters a train, bus etc.):