different between commune vs county

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English commune, comune, from Old French comune, commune, from Medieval Latin comm?nia, from Latin comm?ne (“community, state”), from comm?nis (“common”). See also community, communion, common.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: k?m'yo?on, IPA^(key): /?k?mju?n/
• (US) enPR: käm'yo?on, IPA^(key): /?k?mju?n/

Noun

commune (countable and uncountable, plural communes)

1. A small community, often rural, whose members share in the ownership of property, and in the division of labour; the members of such a community.
2. A local political division in many European countries.
3. (obsolete) The commonalty; the common people.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Chaucer to this entry?)

4. (uncountable, obsolete) communion; sympathetic intercourse or conversation between friends

   • For days of happy commune dead.

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English communen, comunen, from Old French comunier, communier (“to share”), from Latin comm?nico. Doublet of communicate.

Pronunciation

• enPR: k?myo?on', IPA^(key): /k??mju?n/

Verb

commune (third-person singular simple present communes, present participle communing, simple past and past participle communed)

1. To converse together with sympathy and confidence; to interchange sentiments or feelings; to take counsel.
2. (intransitive, followed by with) To communicate (with) spiritually; to be together (with); to contemplate or absorb.

3. (Christianity, intransitive) To receive the communion.
   • 1679-1715, Gilbert Burnet, History of the Reformation

     Namely, in these things, in prohibiting that none should commune alone, in making the people whole communers, or in suffering them to commune under both kinds […]

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch commune, from Old French commune, from Latin [Term?].

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?k??myn?/
• Hyphenation: com?mu?ne
• Rhymes: -yn?

Noun

commune f (plural communes, diminutive communetje n)

1. A commune (community living together with common property).

Descendants

• ? Indonesian: komune

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /k?.myn/

Etymology 1

From Medieval Latin communia, neuter plural of communis.

Noun

commune f (plural communes)

1. commune (administrative subdivision)

Descendants

Etymology 2

Adjective

commune

1. feminine singular of commun

Further reading

• “commune” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Italian

Adjective

commune (plural communi)

1. Obsolete form of comune.

Noun

commune m (plural communi)

1. Obsolete form of comune.

Derived terms

• communità

Latin

Adjective

comm?ne

1. nominative neuter singular of comm?nis
2. accusative neuter singular of comm?nis
3. vocative neuter singular of comm?nis

References

• commune in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• commune in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• commune in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• commune in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.

English

Etymology

From Middle English countee, counte, conte, from Anglo-Norman counté, Old French conté (French comté), from Latin comit?tus (“jurisdiction of a count”), from comes (“count, earl”). Cognate with Spanish condado (“county”). Doublet of comitatus, borrowed directly from Latin.

Pronunciation

• (General American, Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?ka?nti/
• Rhymes: -a?nti

Noun

county (countable and uncountable, plural counties)

1. (historical) The land ruled by a count or a countess.
2. An administrative region of various countries, including Bhutan, Canada, China, Croatia, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Romania, South Korea, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and 48 of the 50 United States (excluding Alaska and Louisiana).
3. A definitive geographic region, without direct administrative functions.

   traditional county

4. (US, slang, uncountable) A jail operated by a county government.

Usage notes

• In US usage, counties are almost always designated as such, with the word "County" capitalized and following the name — e.g., "Lewis County", rarely "Lewis", and never "County Lewis".
• In British and Irish usage, counties are referenced without designation — e.g. "Kent" and never "Kent County". Exceptions are; Durham, which is often "County Durham" (but never "Durham County"); and the counties of Ireland. An organisation such as Kent County Council is the "County Council" of "Kent" and not the "Council" of "Kent County".
• In Canadian usage, counties are typically designated as such, with the word "County" capitalized and usually preceding the name — e.g., "the County of Two Hills". Occasionally, "County" follows the name, as in "Sturgeon County".

Derived terms

Related terms

• count

Descendants

• ? German: County

Translations

See also

• shire

Adjective

county (comparative more county, superlative most county)

1. Characteristic of a ‘county family’; representative of the gentry or aristocracy of a county.
   • 1979, John Le Carré, Smiley's People, Folio Society 2010, p. 274:

     She was a tall girl and county, with Hilary's walk: she seemed to topple even when she sat.