different between energy vs momentum

English

Etymology

From Middle French énergie, from Late Latin energia, from Ancient Greek ???????? (enérgeia, “activity”), from ??????? (energós, “active”), from ?? (en, “in”) + ????? (érgon, “work”). The sense in physics was coined by Thomas Young in 1802 in his lectures on Natural Philosophy.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /??n?d??i/
• (US) IPA^(key): /??n?d??i/

Noun

energy (countable and uncountable, plural energies)

1. The impetus behind all motion and all activity.
2. The capacity to do work.
3. (physics) A quantity that denotes the ability to do work and is measured in a unit dimensioned in mass × distance²/time² (ML²/T²) or the equivalent.

   Units:

   SI: joule (J), kilowatt-hour (kW·h)

   CGS: erg (erg)

   Customary: foot-pound-force, calorie, kilocalorie (i.e. dietary calories), BTU, liter-atmosphere, ton of TNT

4. An intangible, modifiable force (often characterized as either 'positive' or 'negative') believed in some New Age religions to emanate from a person, place or thing and which is (or can be) preserved and transferred in human interactions; shared mood or group habit; a vibe, a feeling, an impression. (Compare aura.)
   • 2004, Phylameana L. Desy, The Everything Reiki Book, Body, Mind & Spirit, p.130

     Reiki, much like prayer, is a personal exercise that can easily convert negative energy into positive energy.

   • 2009, Christopher Johns, Becoming a Reflective Practitioner, John Wiley & Sons, p.15

     Negative feelings can be worked through and their energy converted into positive energy […]. In crisis, normal patterns of self-organization fail, resulting in anxiety (negative energy). Being open systems, people can exchange this energy with the environment and create positive energy for taking action based on a reorganisation of self as necessary to resolve the crisis and emerge at a higher level of consciousness; that is, until the next crisis.

   • 2011, Anne Jones, Healing Negative Energies, Hachette, p.118

     If you have been badly affected by negative energy a salt bath is wonderful for clearing and cleansing yourself […]. Salt attracts negative energy and will draw it away from you.

5. (Eastern Orthodoxy, theology, often in the plural) The external actions and influences resulting from an entity’s internal nature (ousia) and by which it is made manifest, as opposed to that internal nature itself; the aspect of an entity that can affect the wider world and be apprehended by other beings.
   • 2003, Carl S. Tyneh, Orthodox Christianity: Overview and Bibliography, page 21:

     The three Persons of the Holy Trinity have the same opinion, make the same decision, and put forth the same energy and action.

   • 2017, Stoyan Tanev, Energy in Orthodox Theology and Physics: From Controversy to Encounter, quoting and translating the conclusions of the Fifth Council of Constantinople (1351), page 2:

     We hold, further, that there are two energies in our Lord Jesus Christ. For He possesses on the one hand, as God and being of like essence with the Father, the divine energy, and, likewise, since He became man and of like essence to us, the energy proper to human nature. […] Energy is the efficient and essential activity of nature; the capacity for energy is the nature from which proceeds energy; the product of energy is that which is effected by energy; and the agent of energy is the person or subsistence which uses the energy.

   • 2019, Paul Ladouceur, Modern Orthodox Theology: Behold, I Make All Things New, page 368–369:

     The doctrine of the divine energies states that the divine essence, God-in-himself, is unknowable to any creature, whereas God makes himself known in creation by his divine energies, which are inseparable from the divine essence yet distinct from it. Humans know and experience God through his energies. […] Energies are indeed God, but God is more than his energies.

6. (role-playing games, video games, board games) A measure of how many actions a player or unit can take; in the fantasy genre often called magic points or mana.

   Synonym: action points

Synonyms

• (capacity to do work): pep, vigor, vim, vitality

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

• ? Cebuano: enerdyi

Translations

References

• energy on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Further reading

• energy in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• energy in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Anagrams

• Greeny, greeny, greyen, gyrene

English

Etymology

From Latin m?mentum. Doublet of moment and movement

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?m?(?)?m?nt?m/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?mo??m?nt?m/

Noun

momentum (countable and uncountable, plural momentums or momenta)

1. (physics) Of a body in motion: the tendency of a body to maintain its inertial motion; the product of its mass and velocity.
2. The impetus, either of a body in motion, or of an idea or course of events; a moment.
   • 1843, Nathaniel Hawthorne, "The Old Apple Dealer", in Mosses from an Old Manse

     The travellers swarm forth from the cars. All are full of the momentum which they have caught from their mode of conveyance.

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• wind at one's back

Latin

Etymology

From *movimentum (compare later Medieval Latin movimentum), from Proto-Italic *mowementom. Equivalent to move? (“move, set in motion; excite”) + -mentum (“suffix used to forming nouns from verbs”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /mo??men.tum/, [mo??m?n?t????]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /mo?men.tum/, [m??m?n?t?um]

Noun

m?mentum n (genitive m?ment?); second declension

1. movement, motion, impulse; course
2. change, revolution, movement, disturbance
3. particle, part, point
4. (of time) brief space, moment, short time
5. cause, circumstance; weight, influence, moment
6. importance
7. (New Latin, physics) momentum

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Derived terms

Descendants

References

• momentum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• momentum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• momentum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• momentum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book?^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.