different between firm vs vigilant

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /f??m/, [f?m]
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /f??m/
• Rhymes: -??(?)m

Etymology 1

From Italian firma (“signature”), from firmare (“to sign”), from Latin firmare (“to make firm, to confirm (by signature)”), from firmus (“firm, stable”). The contemporary sense developed in the 18th century simultaneously with German Firma (“business, name of business”). There are conflicting statements in the literature as to which of the two languages influenced which.

Noun

firm (plural firms)

1. (Britain, business) A business partnership; the name under which it trades.
2. (business, economics) A business enterprise, however organized.
3. (slang) A criminal gang, especially based around football hooliganism.

Derived terms

• The Firm

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English ferme, from Old French ferme, from Latin firmus (“strong, steady”). Doublet of dharma.

Adjective

firm (comparative firmer, superlative firmest)

1. Steadfast, secure, solid (in position)

2. Fixed (in opinion)
   • He was firm that selling his company would a good choice and didn't let anyone talk him out of it.
3. Durable, rigid (material state)

   firm flesh; firm muscles, firm wood; firm land (i.e. not soft and marshy)

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

firm (third-person singular simple present firms, present participle firming, simple past and past participle firmed)

1. (transitive) To make firm or strong; fix securely.
2. (transitive) To make compact or resistant to pressure; solidify.
3. (intransitive) To become firm; stabilise.
4. (intransitive) To improve after decline.
5. (intransitive, Australia) To shorten (of betting odds).
6. (transitive, Britain, slang) To select (a higher education institution) as one's preferred choice, so as to enrol automatically if one's grades match the conditional offer.

Translations

Further reading

• Firm in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

Anagrams

• FRIM, fMRI, frim

German

Etymology

From Latin firmus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /f??m/

Adjective

firm (comparative firmer, superlative am firmsten)

1. (somewhat dated) experienced, well versed

Declension

Further reading

• “firm” in Duden online

Polish

Noun

firm f

1. genitive plural of firma

Zoogocho Zapotec

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish firma.

Noun

firm

1. signature

Derived terms

• chgo?o firm
• cho?o firm

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish firme.

Adjective

firm

1. firm, fixed

References

• Long C., Rebecca; Cruz M., Sofronio (2000) Diccionario zapoteco de San Bartolomé Zoogocho, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 38)?^[2] (in Spanish), second electronic edition, Coyoacán, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., pages 220

English

Etymology

From French vigilant or its source, Latin vigilans, present participle of vigilare (“stay awake”), from vigil (“awake”). Doublet of vigilante, from Spanish.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?v?d??l?nt/
• Hyphenation: vi?gi?lant

Adjective

vigilant (comparative more vigilant, superlative most vigilant)

1. Watchful, especially for danger or disorder; alert; wary

   Be vigilant for signs of disease in your garden.

Synonyms

• (watchful): alert, aware, circumspect, observant, on the qui vive, wakesome, wary, watchful

Derived terms

• pharmacovigilant
• vigilantly

Related terms

• vigil
• vigilance
• vigilante

Translations

Catalan

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /vi.?i?lant/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /bi.?i?lan/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /vi.d??i?lant/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin vigil?ns, vigil?ntem, attested from 1696.

Adjective

vigilant (masculine and feminine plural vigilants)

1. vigilant

Derived terms

• vigilantment

Related terms

• vigilància
• vigilar

Noun

vigilant m or f (plural vigilants)

1. guard, watchman

Etymology 2

Verb

vigilant

1. present participle of vigilar

References

Further reading

• “vigilant” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “vigilant” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “vigilant” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vigil?ns, vigil?ntem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vi.?i.l??/

Adjective

vigilant (feminine singular vigilante, masculine plural vigilants, feminine plural vigilantes)

1. vigilant

Related terms

• vigiler

Further reading

• “vigilant” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [vi?i?lant]
• Hyphenation: vi?gi?lant

Adjective

vigilant (comparative vigilanter, superlative am vigilantesten)

1. (dated) cunning, smart, clever
2. (solemn) watchful, alert, wary (Austria)

Declension

Synonyms

• (cunning): clever, findig, gewieft, pfiffig, gerissen
• (watchful): wachsam, aufmerksam

Derived terms

• Vigilant
• Vigilanz
• Vigilantismus

Related terms

• arrogant

Further reading

• “vigilant” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
• “vigilant” in Duden online

Latin

Verb

vigilant

1. third-person plural present active indicative of vigil?