different between gift vs potlatch
gift
English
Alternative forms
- yift (dialectal)
Etymology
From Middle English gift (also yift, yeft, ?ift, ?eft), partly from Old English ?ift (“giving, consideration, dowry, wedding”) and Old Norse gipt (“gift, present, wedding”); both from Proto-Germanic *giftiz (“gift”). Equivalent to give +? -th (etymologically yive + -th). Cognate with West Frisian jefte (“gift”), Saterland Frisian Gift (“gift”), German Low German Gift (“poison”), Dutch gift (“gift”) and its doublet gif (“poison”), German Gift (“poison”), Swedish gift (“gift, poison, venom”), Icelandic gift (“gift”). Doublet of yift.
Pronunciation
- (US, UK) enPR: g?ft, IPA(key): /??ft/
- Rhymes: -?ft
Noun
gift (plural gifts)
- Something given to another voluntarily, without charge.
- A talent or natural ability.
- “ […] it is not fair of you to bring against mankind double weapons?! Dangerous enough you are as woman alone, without bringing to your aid those gifts of mind suited to problems which men have been accustomed to arrogate to themselves.”
- Something gained incidentally, without effort.
- The act, right, or power of giving or bestowing.
Synonyms
- (something freely given by another): See Thesaurus:gift For beneficial actions, see favor.
- (something god-given): ability, aptitude, knack, talent, strength
Derived terms
Descendants
- ? Japanese: ??? (gifuto)
Translations
See also
- lagniappe
Verb
gift (third-person singular simple present gifts, present participle gifting, simple past and past participle gifted)
- (transitive) To give as a gift or donation.
- (transitive) To give away, to concede easily.
Synonyms
- contribute
- donate
- give
Related terms
Translations
Anagrams
- T.G.I.F., TGIF
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?ift/, [??ifd?]
Etymology 1
From German Gift (“poison”). Similar to the archaic gift (“gift”), a verbal noun to give (“to give”).
Noun
gift c (singular definite giften, plural indefinite gifte)
- poison (substance harmful to a living organism)
Inflection
Derived terms
See also
- gift on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia da
Etymology 2
Originally the past participle of gifte (“marry”).
Adjective
gift
- married
Inflection
Derived terms
- ugift
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the main entry.
Verb
gift
- imperative of gifte
- past participle of gifte
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch gifte, from Old Dutch *gift, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz. The words gif and vergif, both meaning "poison", derive from the same source as gift and gif were not formally distinguished until early modern Dutch.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /??ft/
- Hyphenation: gift
- Rhymes: -?ft
Noun
gift f (plural giften, diminutive giftje n)
- donation; something given (away) voluntarily.
- Synonyms: geschenk, cadeau
Noun
gift n or f (plural giften, diminutive giftje n)
- (dated) poison
- Synonyms: gif, venijn, vergif, vergift
Derived terms
- giftig
- grafgift
Adjective
gift (not comparable)
- (obsolete) poisonous, toxic, venomous
- Synonym: giftig
Inflection
Related terms
- geven, gave
- vergiftigen, ontgiften, begiftigen
Faroese
Noun
gift f (genitive singular giftar, uncountable)
- poison
Declension
Synonyms
- eitur
Adjective
gift
- married, female form of giftur
- Ert tú gift?
- Are you (f) married?
- Ert tú gift?
Declension
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse gipt, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /c?ft/
- Rhymes: -?ft
Noun
gift f (genitive singular giftar, nominative plural giftir)
- (obsolete) gift
- Synonym: gjöf
Declension
Related terms
- gifta
Norwegian Bokmål
Noun
gift f or m (definite singular gifta or giften, indefinite plural gifter, definite plural giftene)
- poison (substance harmful to a living organism)
Derived terms
- giftslange
- giftstoff
- rottegift
Related terms
- forgifte
- forgiftning
- giftig
Adjective
gift (neuter singular gift, definite singular and plural gifte)
- married
Antonyms
- ugift
Derived terms
- nygift
Verb
gift
- imperative of gifte
References
- “gift” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /j?ft/
Etymology 1
From Old Norse gipt.
Noun
gift f (definite singular gifta, indefinite plural gifter, definite plural giftene)
- poison
Derived terms
- giftslange
- giftstoff
- rottegift
Etymology 2
Past participle of gifta.
Adjective
gift (indefinite singular gift, definite singular and plural gifte)
- married
Participle
gift (definite singular and plural gifte)
- past participle of gifta and gifte
Alternative forms
- gifta
Verb
gift
- imperative of gifta and gifte
- supine of gifta and gifte
References
- “gift” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English
Alternative forms
- ?yft
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *giftiz. Cognate with Old Frisian jeft, Old Saxon *gift (in sundargift (“privilege”, literally “special gift”)), Dutch gift, Old High German gift (German Gift), Old Norse gipt (> English gift), Gothic ???????????????????????????????? (fragifts).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jift/
Noun
?ift f (nominative plural ?ifta)
- Payment for a wife.
- (in the plural) marriage, wedding
Declension
Descendants
- Middle English: ?ift, ?eft, gift (in part from Old Norse)
- English: gift, yift
Swedish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From German Gift.
Noun
gift n
- poison; venom; virus; toxin
- 1968 Tove Jansson, Muminpappans memoarer, Holger Schildts Förlag (1991), ?ISBN, page 126:
- Rådd-djuret gråter, sade Joxaren förebrående. Spöket har målat en dödskalle på kaffeburken och skrivit GIFT under och nu är Rådd-djuret utom sig och säger att har det inte gift sig förut så kommer det nu absolut aldrig att göra det!
- "The Muddler is crying," said the Joxter reproachfully. "The ghost has painted a skull and crossbones and the word POISON on the Muddler's coffee tin, and now the Muddler is beside himself and says that if it has not gotten married before it will absolutely never do it!"
- Rådd-djuret gråter, sade Joxaren förebrående. Spöket har målat en dödskalle på kaffeburken och skrivit GIFT under och nu är Rådd-djuret utom sig och säger att har det inte gift sig förut så kommer det nu absolut aldrig att göra det!
- 1968 Tove Jansson, Muminpappans memoarer, Holger Schildts Förlag (1991), ?ISBN, page 126:
Declension
Etymology 2
From Old Norse gipta (“give away in marriage”), from Proto-Germanic *giftiz.
Adjective
gift (not comparable)
- married
- ett gift par
- a married couple
- Han är gift sedan tre år.
- He's been married for three years.
- 1968 Tove Jansson, Muminpappans memoarer, Holger Schildts Förlag (1991), ?ISBN, page 126:
- Rådd-djuret gråter, sade Joxaren förebrående. Spöket har målat en dödskalle på kaffeburken och skrivit GIFT under och nu är Rådd-djuret utom sig och säger att har det inte gift sig förut så kommer det nu absolut aldrig att göra det!
- "The Muddler is crying," said the Joxter reproachfully. "The ghost has painted a skull and crossbones and the word POISON on the Muddler's coffee tin, and now the Muddler is beside himself and says that if it has not gotten married before it will absolutely never do it!"
- Rådd-djuret gråter, sade Joxaren förebrående. Spöket har målat en dödskalle på kaffeburken och skrivit GIFT under och nu är Rådd-djuret utom sig och säger att har det inte gift sig förut så kommer det nu absolut aldrig att göra det!
- ett gift par
Declension
Verb
gift
- imperative of gifta.
- past participle of gifta.
- supine of gifta.
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potlatch
English
Etymology
The noun is borrowed from Chinook Jargon potlatch, pátla? (“to give; gift; gift-giving ceremony, potlatch”), from Nootka Jargon pa'chatle, pa'ch??tle, pah-chilt (“to give, give me”), from Nootka p?a?i? (“to give a gift during a potlatch ceremony”).
Sense 1 of the verb (“to give; especially, to give a a gift during a potlatch ceremony”) is borrowed from Chinook Jargon potlatch, pátla? (see above); sense 2 (“to carry out or take part in a potlatch ceremony”) is derived from the noun.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /?p?tlæt?/
- (General American) IPA(key): /?p?t?læt?/
- Hyphenation: pot?latch
Noun
potlatch (usually uncountable, plural potlatches)
- (Canada, US, also figuratively) A ceremony amongst certain indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest in which gifts are bestowed upon guests and personal property is destroyed in a show of generosity and wealth.
- (US, chiefly Alaska) A communal meal to which guests bring dishes to share; a potluck.
- Synonym: (Britain, dialectal) fuddle
Alternative forms
- potlach
- potlache (dated)
Derived terms
- potlatcher
Translations
Verb
potlatch (third-person singular simple present potlatches, present participle potlatching, simple past and past participle potlatched)
- (transitive) To give; especially, to give as a gift during a potlatch ceremony.
- (intransitive) To carry out or take part in a potlatch ceremony.
Derived terms
- potlatching (noun)
Translations
References
Further reading
- potlatch on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Chinook Jargon
Etymology
From Nootka p?a?i? (“to give in ceremony”).
Noun
potlatch
- gift
- giving
- gift-feast, potlatch
Verb
potlatch
- to give, receive
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Chinook Jargon potlatch (“gift”), from Nootka p?a?i? (“to give in ceremony”).
Noun
potlatch m (plural potlatchs)
- potlatch
Further reading
- “potlatch” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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