different between jostle vs sock

English

Etymology

Originally justle (“to have sex with”), formed from Middle English jousten, from the Old French joster (“to joust”), from Latin iuxt? (“next to”), from iung? (“join, connect”), equivalent to joust +? -le.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /?d??s.?l/
• (US) IPA^(key): /?d??.s?l/
• Rhymes: -?s?l

Verb

jostle (third-person singular simple present jostles, present participle jostling, simple past and past participle jostled)

1. (transitive, intransitive) To bump into or brush against while in motion; to push aside.
   • 1792, Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, London: J. Johnson, Part 1, Chapter 13, Section 3, pp. 434-435,^[1]

     Besides, various are the paths to power and fame which by accident or choice men pursue, and though they jostle against each other, for men of the same profession are seldom friends, yet there is a much greater number of their fellow-creatures with whom they never clash. But women are very differently situated with respect to each other—for they are all rivals.

   • 1832, Isaac Taylor, Saturday Evening, Chapter 12, p. 214,^[2]

     It is not that there are several systems of movement, physical, intellectual, and moral, which are perpetually jostling each other, or which clash whenever they come in contact, and which move on by the one vanquishing the other. But, on the contrary, each of these economies takes its uninterrupted course, as if there were no other moving within the same space […]

   • 1849, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, Volume 1, Chapter 3, pp. 370-371,^[3]

     […] when the lord of a Lincolnshire or Shropshire manor appeared in Fleet Street, he was as easily distinguished from the resident population as a Turk or a Lascar. […] Bullies jostled him into the kennel. Hackney coachmen splashed him from head to foot. […]
2. (intransitive) To move through by pushing and shoving.
   • 1920, F. Scott Fitzgerald, This Side of Paradise, Book One, Chapter 3,^[4]

     Axia and Amory, acquaintances of an hour, jostled behind a waiter to a table at a point of vantage; there they took seats and watched.

3. (transitive) To be close to or in physical contact with.
   • 1859, Charles Darwin, On the Origin of Species, London: John Murray, Chapter 4, p. 114,^[5]

     […] the advantages of diversification of structure, with the accompanying differences of habit and constitution, determine that the inhabitants, which thus jostle each other most closely, shall, as a general rule, belong to what we call different genera and orders.

4. (intransitive) To contend or vie in order to acquire something.
   • 1819, Walter Scott, The Bride of Lammermoor, in Tales of My Landlord, Edinburgh: Archibald Constable, Third Series, Volume 1, Chapter 1, p. 22,^[6]

     Dick, who, in serious earnest, was supposed to have considerable natural talents for his profession, and whose vain and sanguine disposition never permitted him to doubt for a moment of ultimate success, threw himself headlong into the crowd which jostled and struggled for notice and preferment.

   • 1917, Rudyard Kipling, “The Children,” poem accompanying the story “The Honours of War” in A Diversity of Creatures, London: Macmillan, pp. 129-130,^[7]

     […] Our statecraft, our learning

     Delivered them bound to the Pit and alive to the burning

     Whither they mirthfully hastened as jostling for honour.

5. (dated, slang) To pick or attempt to pick pockets.

Translations

See also

• justle
• joust

Noun

jostle (plural jostles)

1. The act of jostling someone or something; push, shove.
   • 1722, Daniel Defoe, Moll Flanders, London: J. Cooke, 1765, p. 241,^[8]

     I had full hold of her Watch, but giving a great Jostle, as if somebody had thrust me against her, and in the Juncture giving the Watch a fair pull, I found it would not come, so I let it go that Moment, and cried out as if I had been killed, that somebody had trod upon my Foot […]

2. The action of a jostling crowd.
   • 1865, Harriet Beecher Stowe (under the pseudonym Christopher Crowfield), The Chimney-Corner, Boston: Ticknor & Field, 1868, Chapter 12, p. 291,^[9]

     For years to come, the average of lone women will be largely increased; and the demand, always great, for some means by which they many provide for themselves, in the rude jostle of the world, will become more urgent and imperative.

Translations

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /s?k/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /s?k/
• Rhymes: -?k

Etymology 1

From Middle English socke, sokke, sok, from Old English socc (“sock, light shoe, slipper”), a West Germanic borrowing from Latin soccus (“a light shoe or slipper, buskin”), from Ancient Greek ?????? (súkkhos, “a kind of shoe”), probably from Phrygian or from an Anatolian language. Cognate with Scots sok (“sock, stocking”), West Frisian sok (“sock”), Dutch sok (“sock”), German Socke (“sock”), Danish sok, sokke (“sock”), Swedish sock, socka (“sock”), Icelandic sokkur (“sock”).

Noun

sock (plural socks or (informal, nonstandard) sox)

1. A knitted or woven covering for the foot.
2. A shoe worn by Greco-Roman comedy actors.
3. A cat's or dog's lower leg that is a different color (usually white) from the color pattern on the rest of the animal.

   Synonym: mitten

4. (Wiktionary and WMF jargon) A sock puppet.
5. (firearms, informal) A gun sock.

Derived terms

Descendants

• ? French: socquette
  • ? Portuguese: soquete
• Japanese: ???? (sokkusu) < socks
• Swahili: soksi < socks (plural)

Translations

Etymology 2

Unknown, but compare Portuguese soco ("a hit with one's hand; a punch").This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Alternative forms

• (W. Eng. dial.): zock

Adjective

sock (not comparable)

1. (slang, dated) Extremely successful.
   • 1960, Billboard magazine reviewer

     Sock performance on a catchy rhythm ditty with infectious tempo.

Synonyms

• socko

Noun

sock (plural socks)

1. (slang) A violent blow; a punch.

Verb

sock (third-person singular simple present socks, present participle socking, simple past and past participle socked)

1. (slang, transitive) To hit or strike violently; to deliver a blow to.
   • 1951, J.D. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye, Chapter 13:

     What you should be is not yellow at all. If you're supposed to sock somebody in the jaw, and you sort of feel like doing it, you should do it.

   • 1951, James Jones, From Here to Eternity, Book Four:

     They may let you off the first time because you're new maybe. But the second time they'll sock it to you, give you a couple of days in the Hole, then throw you in Number Two.

2. (slang, transitive) To throw.

Derived terms

• sock away
• sock in
• sockdolager

Translations

Etymology 3

From French soc, from Late Latin soccus, perhaps of Celtic origin.

Noun

sock (plural socks)

1. A ploughshare.
   • D. Brewster, The Edinburgh Encyclopaedia

     In Wexford, the beam is shorter than in any of the other counties, and the sock in general is of cast iron.

Etymology 4

From socket.

Noun

sock (plural socks)

1. (computing, networking) Abbreviation of socket.

Swedish

Noun

sock c

1. sock

Declension

See also

• socka
• strumpa

References

• sock in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)