different between jovial vs lively

English

Etymology

Borrowed from French jovial (“jolly, jovial”), from Italian gioviale (“jolly, jovial; (obsolete) born under the influence of the planet Jupiter”), from Latin iovi?lis (“relating to the Roman god Jupiter”), from Iuppiter, Iovis (“the Roman god Jove or Jupiter, counterpart of the Greek god Zeus”) (from Proto-Indo-European *dyew- (“to be bright; heaven, sky”)) + -?lis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship); analysable as Jove +? -ial.

Sense 1 (“cheerful and good-humoured”) refers to the fact that individuals born under the astrological influence of the planet Jupiter were believed to have that disposition.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?d???.v?.?l/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?d?o?.v?.?l/
• Hyphenation: jov?i?al

Adjective

jovial (comparative more jovial, superlative most jovial)

1. (comparable) Cheerful and good-humoured; jolly, merry.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:happy

   Antonyms: saturnine; see also Thesaurus:sad
2. (not comparable, astrology, obsolete) Pertaining to the astrological influence of the planet Jupiter; having the characteristics of a person under such influence (see sense 1).

Alternative forms

• joviall (obsolete)

Derived terms

• joviality
• jovially
• jovialness

Related terms

• Jove
• Jovial
• Jovian

Translations

References

Further reading

• Jupiter on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Jupiter (mythology) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• jovial (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• jovial in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
• jovial in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• jovial at OneLook Dictionary Search

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian gioviale, from Latin iovi?lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /??.vjal/
• Homophones: joviale, joviales

Adjective

jovial (feminine singular joviale, masculine plural joviaux, feminine plural joviales)

1. jovial, jolly

Descendants

• ? Czech: žoviální

Further reading

• “jovial” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

German

Etymology

Borrowed from French jovial, from Italian gioviale, from Latin iovi?lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jo?via?l/

Adjective

jovial

1. jovial

Further reading

• “jovial” in Duden online

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From German jovial, from Latin jovialis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ju.vi.a?l/, [j?.??.?a?l]

Adjective

jovial (neuter singular jovialt, definite singular and plural joviale)

1. jovial

References

“jovial” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From German jovial, from Latin jovialis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ju.vi.a?l/, [j?.??.?a?l]

Adjective

jovial (neuter singular jovialt, definite singular and plural joviale)

1. jovial

References

“jovial” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin iovi?lis.

Adjective

jovial m or f (plural joviais, comparable)

1. jovial; merry, cheerful

Romanian

Etymology

From French jovial

Adjective

jovial m or n (feminine singular jovial?, masculine plural joviali, feminine and neuter plural joviale)

1. jocose

Declension

Related terms

• jovialitate

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin iovi?lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xo?bjal/, [xo???jal]

Adjective

jovial (plural joviales)

1. Jovian
2. cheerful, jovial

Derived terms

• jovialidad
• jovialmente

Further reading

• “jovial” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

English

Pronunciation

• (General American, Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /?la?vli/

Etymology 1

From Middle English lyvely, lifly, from Old English l?fl?? (“living, lively, long-lived, necessary to life, vital”), equivalent to life +? -ly. Cognate with Scots lively, lifely (“of or pertaining to life, vital, living, life-like”). Doublet of lifely.

Alternative forms

• lifely (obsolete)

Adjective

lively (comparative livelier, superlative liveliest)

1. Full of life; energetic.
2. Bright, glowing, vivid; strong, vigorous.
   • 1704, Isaac Newton, Opticks: Or, A Treatise of the Reflections, Refractions, Inflections and Colours of Light

     The colours of the prism are manifestly more full, intense, and lively that those of natural bodies.

   • 1688, Robert South, Sacramental Preparation: Set forth in a Sermon on Matthew 5, 12.

     His faith must be not only living, but lively too.

3. (archaic) Endowed with or manifesting life; living.
   • c. 1600, Philemon Holland

     chaplets of gold and silver resembling lively flowers and leaves

4. (archaic) Representing life; lifelike.
   • 1632, Philip Massinger and Nathan Field, The Fatal Dowry

     I spied the lively picture of my father.

5. (archaic) Airy; animated; spirited.
6. (of beer) Fizzy; foamy; tending to produce a large head in the glass.

Usage notes

• Nouns to which "lively" is often applied: person, character, lady, woman, man, audience, personality, art, guide, activity, game, lesson, introduction, discussion, debate, writing, image, town, city, village, etc.

Synonyms

• (full of life): frisky, peppy, zestful; see also Thesaurus:active
• (vivid, strong, vigorous): intense
• (endowed with or manifesting life): extant, live, vital; see also Thesaurus:alive
• (representing life): lifey, limned, naturalistic,
• (fizzy, foamy): frothy, spumescent

Derived terms

• liveliness
• look lively

Translations

Noun

lively (plural livelies)

1. (nautical, informal) Term of address.
   • 1846, Herman Melville, Typee

     Speak the word, my livelies, and I'll pilot her in.

Etymology 2

From Middle English lyvely, lifly, from Old English l?fl??e, equivalent to life +? -ly.

Adverb

lively (comparative more lively, superlative most lively)

1. Vigorously.
2. Vibrantly, vividly.
3. (obsolete) In a lifelike manner.
   • , Folio Society, 2006, vol.1, p.220-1:

     the Painter Protogenes […] having perfected the image of a wearie and panting dog, […] but being unable, as he desired, lively to represent the drivel or slaver of his mouth, vexed against his owne worke, took his spunge, and moist as it was with divers colours, threw it at the picture  […].

Translations

Anagrams

• evilly, vilely