different between law vs precedent
law
English
Pronunciation
- (UK) enPR: lô, IPA(key): /l??/
- Rhymes: -??
- (US) enPR: lô, IPA(key): /l?/
- (cot–caught merger) enPR: lä, IPA(key): /l?/
- Homophone: la (in accents with the cot-caught merger)
- Homophone: lore (in non-rhotic accents with the horse-hoarse merger)
Etymology 1
From Middle English lawe, la?e, from Old English lagu (“law”), from Old Norse l?g (“law”, literally “things laid down or fixed”), originally the plural of lag (“layer, stratum, a laying in order, measure, stroke”), from Proto-Germanic *lag? (“that which is laid down”), from Proto-Indo-European *leg?- (“to lie”). Cognate with Icelandic lög (“things laid down, law”), Swedish lag (“law”), Danish lov (“law”). Replaced Old English ? and ?esetnes. More at lay. Unrelated to French loi nor Spanish ley, since they both derive from *le?- (“to gather”).
Noun
law (countable and uncountable, plural laws)
- The body of binding rules and regulations, customs, and standards established in a community by its legislative and judicial authorities.
- The body of such rules that pertain to a particular topic.
- Common law, as contrasted with equity.
- The body of such rules that pertain to a particular topic.
- A binding regulation or custom established in a community in this way.
- (more generally) A rule, such as:
- Any rule that must or should be obeyed, concerning behaviours and their consequences. (Compare mores.)
- A rule or principle regarding the construction of language or art.
- A statement (in physics, etc) of an (observed, established) order or sequence or relationship of phenomena which is invariable under certain conditions. (Compare theory.)
- 1992 March 2, Richard Preston, The New Yorker, "The Mountains of Pi":
- Observing pi is easier than studying physical phenomena, because you can prove things in mathematics, whereas you can’t prove anything in physics. And, unfortunately, the laws of physics change once every generation.
- 1992 March 2, Richard Preston, The New Yorker, "The Mountains of Pi":
- (mathematics, logic) A statement (of relation) that is true under specified conditions; a mathematical or logical rule.
- Any statement of the relation of acts and conditions to their consequences.
- (cricket) One of the official rules of cricket as codified by the its (former) governing body, the MCC.
- Any rule that must or should be obeyed, concerning behaviours and their consequences. (Compare mores.)
- The control and order brought about by the observance of such rules.
- (informal) A person or group that act(s) with authority to uphold such rules and order (for example, one or more police officers).
- The profession that deals with such rules (as lawyers, judges, police officers, etc).
- Jurisprudence, the field of knowledge which encompasses these rules.
- Litigation, legal action (as a means of maintaining or restoring order, redressing wrongs, etc).
- (now uncommon) An allowance of distance or time (a head start) given to a weaker (human or animal) competitor in a race, to make the race more fair.
- (fantasy) One of two metaphysical forces ruling the world in some fantasy settings, also called order, and opposed to chaos.
- (law, chiefly historical) An oath sworn before a court, especially disclaiming a debt. (Chiefly in the phrases "wager of law", "wage one's law", "perform one's law", "lose one's law".)
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
law (third-person singular simple present laws, present participle lawing, simple past and past participle lawed)
- (obsolete) To work as a lawyer; to practice law.
- (transitive, intransitive, chiefly dialectal) To prosecute or sue (someone), to litigate.
- 1860, George Eliot (Mary Anne Lewes), The Mill on the Floss:
- Your husband's [...] so given to lawing, they say. I doubt he'll leave you poorly off when he dies.
- 1860, George Eliot (Mary Anne Lewes), The Mill on the Floss:
- (nonstandard) To rule over (with a certain effect) by law; govern.
- (informal) To enforce the law.
- To subject to legal restrictions.
See also
- Appendix:Legal terms
- Appendix:Glossary of legal terms
- Category:Law
- lawe
Etymology 2
From Middle English lawe, from Old English hl?w (“burial mound”). Also spelled low.
Noun
law (plural laws)
- (obsolete) A tumulus of stones.
- (Scotland and Northern England, archaic) A hill.
Etymology 3
Compare la.
Interjection
law
- (dated) An exclamation of mild surprise; lawks.
References
Etymology in ODS
Anagrams
- AWL, WAL, WLA, Wal., awl, lwa
Khumi Chin
Etymology
From Proto-Kuki-Chin *khlaa, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-la. Cognates include Tibetan ???? (zla ba) and Burmese ? (la.).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /l??/
Noun
law
- moon
- month
References
- R. Shafer (1944) , “Khimi Grammar and Vocabulary”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, volume 11, issue 2, page 422
- K. E. Herr (2011) The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin?[1], Payap University, page 42
Lower Sorbian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *l?v?, from Proto-Indo-European *lewo-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /law/
Noun
law m (diminutive lawk, feminine equivalent lawowka)
- lion (Panthera leo)
Declension
Derived terms
- lawica
- lawik
- lawowy
Further reading
- law in Ernst Muka/Mucke (St. Petersburg and Prague 1911–28): S?ownik dolnoserbskeje r?cy a jeje nar?cow / Wörterbuch der nieder-wendischen Sprache und ihrer Dialekte. Reprinted 2008, Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
- law in Manfred Starosta (1999): Dolnoserbsko-nimski s?ownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag.
Middle English
Noun
law
- Alternative form of lawe
Scots
Noun
law (plural laws)
- law
- rounded hill (usually conical, frequently isolated or conspicuous)
Sranan Tongo
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lau?/
Verb
law
- To be crazy
- To drive somebody crazy
Upper Sorbian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *l?v?, from Proto-Indo-European *lewo-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lau?/
Noun
law m
- lion (Panthera leo)
Declension
Derived terms
- lawica, lawjace/-a/-y, lawowe/-a/-y
Welsh
Noun
law
- Soft mutation of glaw (“rain”).
Mutation
Noun
law
- Soft mutation of llaw (“hand”).
Mutation
law From the web:
- what lawyers make the most money
- what law did plessy violate
- what laws should be changed
- what law school should i go to
- what laws will change in 2021
- what laws should be made
- what law schools accept the gre
- what law should i practice
precedent
English
Alternative forms
- præcedent (archaic)
Etymology
From Middle French, from Old French, from Latin praec?d?ns, present participle of praec?dere (“to precede”); See precede.
Pronunciation
Adjective:
- IPA(key): /p???si?.d?nt/
Noun:
- (Received Pronunciation, General American, Canada) enPR: pr?s??-d?nt, IPA(key): /?p??s.?.d?nt/
- (General Australian, Ireland) IPA(key): /?p?i?.s?.d?nt/, /?p??s-/
- (General New Zealand) IPA(key): /?p?es.?.d?nt/, /?p?i?-/, /?p??s-/
Noun
precedent (plural precedents)
- An act in the past which may be used as an example to help decide the outcome of similar instances in the future.
- 1594, Richard Hooker, Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie
- Examples for cases can but direct as precedents only.
- 1594, Richard Hooker, Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie
- (law) A decided case which is cited or used as an example to justify a judgment in a subsequent case.
- An established habit or custom.
- (obsolete, with definite article) The aforementioned (thing).
- , New York 2001, p.74:
- A third argument may be derived from the precedent.
- , New York 2001, p.74:
- The previous version.
- (obsolete) A rough draught of a writing which precedes a finished copy.
Coordinate terms
- (a case used as an example to justify a judgment in a subsequent one): case law
Derived terms
Translations
Adjective
precedent (not comparable)
- Happening or taking place earlier in time; previous or preceding. [from 14th c.]
- (now rare) Coming before in a particular order or arrangement; preceding, foregoing. [from 15th c.]
Translations
Verb
precedent (third-person singular simple present precedents, present participle precedenting, simple past and past participle precedented)
- (transitive, law) To provide precedents for.
- (transitive, law) To be a precedent for.
See also
- stare decisis
Anagrams
- precented
Catalan
Etymology
From Latin praec?d?ns.
Adjective
precedent (masculine and feminine plural precedents)
- previous, preceding
Noun
precedent m (plural precedents)
- precedent
Related terms
- precedència
- precedir
Further reading
- “precedent” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “precedent” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
- “precedent” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “precedent” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Czech
Noun
precedent m
- precedent (past act used as example)
Synonyms
- precedens
Related terms
- See cese
Further reading
- precedent in Kartotéka Novo?eského lexikálního archivu
- precedent in Slovník spisovného jazyka ?eského, 1960–1971, 1989
Dutch
Etymology
Borrowed from Middle French precedent. First attested in the 16th century.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /?pre?.se??d?nt/, /?pre?.s??d?nt/
- Hyphenation: pre?ce?dent
- Rhymes: -?nt
Noun
precedent n (plural precedenten)
- precedent
Derived terms
- precedentwerking
Old French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin praec?d?ns. Compare Middle French preceder.
Adjective
precedent m (oblique and nominative feminine singular precedent or precedente)
- preceding; that comes before
Romanian
Etymology
From French précédent.
Noun
precedent n (plural preceden?i)
- precedent
Declension
precedent From the web:
- what precedents did washington set
- what precedent was set by the election of 1800
- what precedent was established by the nuremberg trials
- what precedent was set by george washington
- what precedent was set at nuremberg
- what precedent is washington most known for
- what precedents set by the new deal
- precedents of washington
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