different between methyl vs sextate

English

Etymology

Borrowed from German Methyl; compare the French méthyle.

French chemists Jean-Baptiste Dumas and Eugene Peligot, after determining methanol's chemical structure, introduced "methylene" from the Ancient Greek ???? (méthu, “wine”) + ??? (húl?, “wood, material”) with the intention of highlighting its origins, "alcohol made from wood (substance)". The term "methyl" was derived in about 1840 by back-formation from "methylene", and was then applied to describe "methyl alcohol".

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: m??th?l, IPA^(key): /?m??a?l/, /?m???l/, /?mi??a?l/, /?mi???l/
• (US, Canada) IPA^(key): /?m???l/
• Rhymes: -???l

Noun

methyl (plural methyls)

1. (organic chemistry) The univalent hydrocarbon radical, CH₃-, formally derived from methane by the loss of a hydrogen atom; a compound or part of a compound formed by the attachment of such a radical.
   • 1973, Robert E. Cornish, Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies, page 119,

     You might point out in the theory of oxidation of oils, in development of rancidity in oils, that many methyls accelerate this oxidation of oils. I do not want to burden you with a lecture on chemistry but there are some methyls like iron which has both a valence of two and of three. Another example is cobalt which has a valence of both two and three.

   • 2003, Russell Timkovich, 73: The Family of d-Type Hemes: Tetrapyrroles with Unusual Substituents, Karl M. Kadish, Kevin M. Smith, Roger Guilard (editors), The Porphyrin Handbook, Volume 12: The Iron and Cobalt Pigments: Biosynthesis, Structure and Degradation, page 134,

     The southern acetates must be decarboxylated to methyls.

   • 2005, Bruce A. Hathaway, Organic Chemistry the Easy Way, page 38,

     The most stable form has the groups staggered and the methyls as far from each other as possible (DA^{[dihedral angle]} = 180°).

Derived terms

Translations

Dutch

Etymology

From meth- +? -yl.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /me??til/
• Hyphenation: me?thyl

Noun

methyl n (uncountable)

1. (organic chemistry) methyl

English

Etymology

Latin sextus (“sixth”) + English -ate; compare quintate, septimate, and decimate

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, UK) enPR: s?ks?t?t, IPA^(key): /?s?kste?t/

Verb

sextate (third-person singular simple present sextates, present participle sextating, simple past and past participle sextated)

1. (rare) Reduce by one sixth.
   • 1791, Emanuel Swedenborg, The Apocalyp?e Revealed II, page 101

     Becau?e ?ix ?ignified Full, the Word to ?extate (to divide into ?ix, of to give a ?ixth Part) originated thence, by which in a ?piritual Sen?e is ?ignified that which is complete and entire, as That they ?hould Sextate an Ephah out of an Homer of Barley, (i. e. take a Sixth of an Ephah) Ezek. xlv. 13. and it is ?aid of Gog, I will turn thee back, and will Sextate thee (leave but a ?ixth Part of thee) Ezek. xxxix. 2. by which is ?ignified, that with him all Truth of Good in the Word ?hould be totally de?troyed; who are meant by Gog, may be ?een N. 850.

2. (rare) Reduce to one sixth.
   • 1791, Emanuel Swedenborg, The Apocalyp?e Revealed II, page 101

     Becau?e ?ix ?ignified Full, the Word to ?extate (to divide into ?ix, of to give a ?ixth Part) originated thence, by which in a ?piritual Sen?e is ?ignified that which is complete and entire, as That they ?hould Sextate an Ephah out of an Homer of Barley, (i. e. take a Sixth of an Ephah) Ezek. xlv. 13. and it is ?aid of Gog, I will turn thee back, and will Sextate thee (leave but a ?ixth Part of thee) Ezek. xxxix. 2. by which is ?ignified, that with him all Truth of Good in the Word ?hould be totally de?troyed; who are meant by Gog, may be ?een N. 850.

   • 1883, Thomas Goyder et al., The Science of Correspondences Elucidated (6th ed.), page 450

     By sextating, or leaving but a sixth part of Gog, is signified the total destruction of every truth derived from good in such a church.

Coordinate terms

• (reduce proportionately, by single aliquot part): tertiate (?), quintate (?), septimate (?), decimate (?), duodecimate (¹???), centesimate (¹????)

Adjective

sextate (not comparable)

1. (rare) sixfold; In groups of six.
   • 1907, Albert Mann and Percy Leroy Ricker, Report on the Diatoms of the Albatross Voyages in the Pacific Ocean, 1888–1904, page 293

     De Toni’s placing the quadrate form in Amphitetras and the sextate in Nothoceratium is of course indefensible.

2. (rare, physics) sixfold degenerate
   • 1967, Journal of the Indian Chemical Society XLIV:ii, page 990

     The room temperature magnetic moments of these complexes were determined by the Gouy method and the values are in the range 5.7—5.9 B.M. (Table), indicative of the presence of five unpaired electrons and the sextate ground state level in these complexes.

Noun

sextate

1. (rare, spectroscopy) A group of six peaks or lines
   • 1981, Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy: Physical sciences I, page 199

     Mössbauer spectrum of pure ?? Fe?O? (figure-1) shows a broadened sextate due to the presence of two subspectra.

   • 1987, Minoru Takahashi et al. [eds.], Proceedings of the International Symposium on Physics of Magnetic Materials, Sendai, Japan, April 8–11, 1987, page 392

     The spectrum could be best fitted with one sextate having broad lines which indicate the presence of more than one crystallographically nonequivalent iron sites.