different between penguin vs baka

English

Alternative forms

• pinguin (obsolete)

Etymology

Unknown; first attested in the 16th century in reference to the auk of the Northern hemisphere; the word was later applied to the superficially similar birds of the Southern hemisphere (as was woggin). Possibly from Welsh pen (“head”) and gwyn (“white”), or from Latin pinguis (“fat”). See citations and the Wikipedia page.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?p???w?n/
• (pin–pen merger, Canada) IPA^(key): /?p???w?n/

Noun

penguin (plural penguins)

1. Any of several flightless sea birds, of order Sphenisciformes, found in the Southern Hemisphere, marked by their usual upright stance, walking on short legs, and (generally) their stark black and white plumage. [from 16th c.]
   • 1638, Thomas Herbert, Some Yeares Travels, I:

     Here are also birds cal'd Pen-gwins (white-head in Welch) like Pigmies walking upright, their finns or wings hanging very orderly downe like sleeves […]

2. (obsolete or historical) An auk (sometimes especially a great auk), a bird of the Northern Hemisphere.
   • 1772 March, Account of the Settlement of the Malouines, in The Gentleman's and London Magazine, page 166:

     *This last species of penguin, or auk, seems to be the same with the alca cirrhata of Dr. Pallis, Spicileg. Zool. Fasc. v. p. 7. tab. i. & v. fig. 1–3. F.

   • 1885, Journal of the American Geographical Society of New York:

     More than a hundred years ago, for example, was seen the last of the great wingless penguins or auks, which early writers quaintly called " wobble-birds."

3. (slang) A nun (association through appearance, because of the often black-and-white habit).
4. (juggling) A type of catch where the palm of the hand is facing towards the leg with the arm stretched downward, resembling the flipper of a penguin.
5. A spiny bromeliad with egg-shaped fleshy fruit, Bromelia pinguin.
   • 1803, Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, Letter 4, p. 82,^[1]

     These productive patches, and the houses, were each surrounded by a fence, made of a prickly shrub, called the Pinguin, which propagates itself with great rapidity.

Related terms

Descendants

Translations

References

Further reading

• Penguin in the 1921 edition of Collier's Encyclopedia.

English

Etymology 1

Noun

baka (plural bakas or baka)

1. (voodoo) An evil spirit in Haitian belief, often in the form of an animal.
   • 1953, Maya Daren, The Divine Horsemen, McPherson & Company 2004, p. 113:

     Under his sign the malevolent bocor may take the shape of an animal, and men may be transformed into terrible bakas.

   • 1969, Milo Rigaud, Secrets of Voodoo, p. 83:

     A person has only to serve the baka incorrectly to have it turn against its owner and do him irremediable harm by reason of the very duality of its composition.

   • 2001, Jennie Marcelle Smith, When the Hands Are Many, p. 77:

     Because a baka can destroy a family's (or even a whole neighborhood's) well-being, there is great interest in catching and destroying them.

Etymology 2

Japanese ??

Adjective

baka (comparative more baka, superlative most baka)

1. (anime and manga, fandom slang) stupid

Anagrams

• Ka'ba

Anyi

Noun

baka

1. tree

References

• Burmeister, Jonathan (1987) , “Numbers before letters — Ivory Coast literacy program”, in G. Gagné, F. Daems, S. Kroon, J. Sturm and E. Tarrab, editors, Selected Papers in Mother Tongue Education / Études en pédagogie de la langue maternelle?^[1], Dordrecht, The Netherlands & Montréal, Canada: Foris Publications Holland; Centre de Diffusion P.P.M.F. primaire, Université de Montréal, ?ISBN, page 23 of 19–25
• Wichmann, Søren, Eric W. Holman, and Cecil H. Brown (eds.). (2020). The ASJP Database (version 19).

Further reading

• Burmeister, Jonathan L. (1983) , “L’agni”, in Atlas des langues kwa de Côte d’Ivoire, volume 1, Paris & Abidjan: Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique (ACCT); Institut de Linguistique Appliquée (ILA), Université d’Abidjan
• Pyne, P. C. (1977) , “Anyi”, in M. E. Kropp Dakubu, editor, West African language data sheets, volume 1, Legon, Ghana: West African Linguistic Society

Asi

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Bikol Central

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [b?k?]

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cattle, domesticated bovine animals

Binukid

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Etymology 2

Noun

bakà

1. jaw

Bolinao

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Cebuano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba?ka

Noun

baka

1. a cow; an adult female of the species Bos taurus that has calved
2. any member of the species Bos taurus regardless of sex or age, including bulls and calves
3. beef; the meat from a cow, bull, or other bovine

Adjective

baka

1. beef

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:baka.

Dibabawon Manobo

Noun

bakà

1. (anatomy) jaw

Dupaningan Agta

Adverb

baka

1. perhaps; maybe

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakan?, from Proto-Indo-European *b?eh?g-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?p?a??ka/
• Rhymes: -?a??ka
• Homophone: bakað

Verb

baka (third person singular past indicative bakaði, third person plural past indicative bakað, supine bakað)

1. to bake

Conjugation

Fula

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Noun

baka o

1. (clothing) tunic, boubou, agbada

References

• Oumar Bah, Dictionnaire Pular-Français, Avec un index français-pular, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2014.

Hausa

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bàká?/

Noun

bàk? m (plural bakunkun??, possessed form bàkan)

1. bow
2. hacksaw
3. catch of a lock

Etymology 2

From baki.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bákà/

Adverb

bakà

1. in the mouth

Hiligaynon

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

báka

1. bull, cow, ox

Related terms

• kabakahan

Hungarian

Etymology

Probably a doublet of boka, via its former meaning of “boots”, expressing a booted soldier. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?b?k?]
• Hyphenation: ba?ka
• Rhymes: -k?

Noun

baka (plural bakák)

1. soldier

Declension

Further reading

• baka in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmez? szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: ?ISBN
• baka in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2021)

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?pa?ka/
• Rhymes: -a?ka

Etymology 1

From the verb baka (“to bake”).

Noun

baka f (genitive singular böku, nominative plural bökur)

1. pie

Declension

Derived terms

• kjötbaka

Etymology 2

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakan?, from Proto-Indo-European *b?eh?g-.

Verb

baka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative bakaði, supine bakað)

1. to bake

Conjugation

Etymology 3

Form of bak (“a back”).

Noun

baka n

1. indefinite genitive plural of bak

Ilocano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba?ka
• IPA^(key): /?baka/

Noun

baka

1. cow
2. ox

Derived terms

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay baka,from Classical Malay baka, baqa, from Arabic ????? (“remaining, lasting, enduring”).

Adjective

baka

1. eternal

Japanese

Romanization

baka

1. R?maji transcription of ??

Kagayanen

Noun

baka

1. (anatomy) chin
2. cow

Kavalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Kiput

Etymology

From Proto-North Sarawak *bakas.

Noun

baka

1. wild boar

Limos Kalinga

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Malay

Pronunciation

Adjective

baka (Jawi spelling ????, plural baka-baka)

1. patriarchal, ruled by men

   sistem (kuasa) baka

   a patriarchal system

Antonyms

• saka

Noun

baka (Jawi spelling ????, plural baka-baka, informal 1st possessive bakaku, impolite 2nd possessive bakamu, 3rd possessive bakanya)

1. stock, breed (of livestock)

Further reading

• “baka” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Mansaka

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Masbatenyo

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Etymology 2

Adjective

bakâ

1. bowlegged

Northern Catanduanes Bicolano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

• bakane

Noun

baka m or n

1. definite neuter plural of bak

Etymology 2

From Old Norse baka

Verb

baka (present tense bakar or baker, past tense baka or bakte, past participle baka or bakt, passive infinitive bakast, present participle bakande, imperative bak)

1. alternative form of bake

References

• “baka” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bakan?, from Proto-Indo-European *b?eh?g-. Compare Old English bacan (English bake), Old Saxon bakkan (Low German backen), Dutch bakken, Old High German bahhan, backan (German backen).

Verb

baka

1. to bake

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Icelandic: baka
• Faroese: baka
• Norn: båke
• Norwegian: bake
• Swedish: baka
• Danish: bage
• Gutnish: bake
• Elfdalian: båkå

References

• baka in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Pali

Alternative forms

Noun

baka m

1. crane
2. heron

Declension

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Portuguese vaca and Spanish vaca and Kabuverdianu báka.

Noun

baka

1. cow

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ba.ka/

Noun

baka f

1. (navigation, nautical) seamark

   Synonym: stawa

Declension

Further reading

• baka in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From earlier babka; compare b?ba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b??ka/
• Hyphenation: ba?ka

Noun

báka f (Cyrillic spelling ?????)

1. (hypocoristic) grandmother, grandma
2. (hypocoristic, regional) old woman

Declension

References

• “baka” in Hrvatski jezi?ni portal

Sranan Tongo

Etymology 1

From English back.

Preposition

baka

1. after
2. behind

Adjective

baka

1. back

Adverb

baka

1. back, in return
2. again

Etymology 2

From English back.

Noun

baka

1. back

Etymology 3

Probably borrowed from Dutch bakken.

Verb

baka

1. to bake, to fry

Swahili

Pronunciation

Verb

-baka (infinitive kubaka)

1. molest, rape

   Synonym: -najisi

Conjugation

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Augmentative: -bakua (“rob, plunder”)
  • Passive: -bakwa

• Nominal derivations:
  • mbakaji (“rapist”)
  • ubakaji (“rape”)

Noun

baka (ma class, plural mabaka)

1. mark on the body (like a scar or birthmark)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse baka, from Proto-Germanic *bakan?, from Proto-Indo-European *b?eh?g-.

Pronunciation

Verb

baka (present bakar, preterite bakade, supine bakat, imperative baka)

1. to bake; to cook in an oven.

Conjugation

Derived terms

Tagalog

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ba?ka
• IPA^(key): /?baka/, [?b?x?]

Noun

baka

1. cow
2. beef

Derived terms

• bakahan
• magbabaka

Related terms

• bakuna

Etymology 2

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /b??ka?/

Adverb

bakâ

1. maybe, probably
2. might

Tausug

Etymology

From Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Waray-Waray

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Yami

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow

Yogad

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaca (“cow”).

Noun

baka

1. cow