different between robust vs bold

English

Etymology

From Latin r?bustus, from r?bur, r?bus (“strength, hard timber, oak”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /????b?st/, /???b?st/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /?o??b?st/
• Rhymes: -?st
• Hyphenation: ro?bust

Adjective

robust (comparative robuster or more robust, superlative robustest or most robust) (see usage notes)

1. Evincing strength and health; strong.

   He was a robust man of six feet four.

   robust health

   A robust wall was put up.

   • 1869, Anthony Trollope, Phineas Finn

     She was stronger, larger, more robust physically than he had hitherto conceived.

2. Violent; rough; rude.
3. Requiring strength or vigor

   robust employment

4. Sensible (of intellect etc.); straightforward, not given to or confused by uncertainty or subtlety
5. (systems engineering) Designed or evolved in such a way as to be resistant to total failure despite partial damage.
6. (software engineering) Resistant or impervious to failure regardless of user input or unexpected conditions.
7. (statistics) Not greatly influenced by errors in assumptions about the distribution of sample errors.

Usage notes

• "More" and "most robust" are much more common than the forms ending in "-er" or "-est".

Derived terms

• robustness

Translations

See also

• Robust statistics on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• brotus, or bust, turbos

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin r?bustus, first attested circa 1400.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /ru?bust/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /ro?bust/

Adjective

robust (feminine robusta, masculine plural robusts or robustos, feminine plural robustes)

1. robust (evincing strength and health)

   Synonyms: fort, vigorós

Derived terms

• robustament
• robustesa

Further reading

• “robust” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “robust” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “robust” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

References

German

Etymology

From Latin r?bustus, from r?bur, r?bus (“strength, hard timber, oak”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?o?b?st/
• Hyphenation: ro?bust

Adjective

robust (comparative robuster, superlative am robustesten)

1. robust

Declension

Derived terms

• Robustheit

Further reading

• “robust” in Duden online

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin robustus

Adjective

robust (neuter singular robust, definite singular and plural robuste)

1. robust, sturdy

References

• “robust” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin robustus

Adjective

robust (neuter singular robust, definite singular and plural robuste)

1. robust, sturdy

References

• “robust” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Romanian

Etymology

From French robuste.

Adjective

robust m or n (feminine singular robust?, masculine plural robu?ti, feminine and neuter plural robuste)

1. robust

Declension

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /b??ld/, [b??ld]
• (General American) IPA^(key): /bo?ld/
• Rhymes: -??ld
• Homophone: bowled

Etymology 1

From Middle English bold, from Old English bold, blod, bolt, botl (“house, dwelling-place, mansion, hall, castle, temple”), from Proto-Germanic *budl?, *buþl? (“house, dwelling”), from Proto-Indo-European *b?ew- (“to grow, wax, swell”) or *b?uH-.

Cognate with Old Frisian bold (“house”) (whence North Frisian bol, boel, bøl (“house”)), North Frisian bodel, budel (“property, inheritance”), Middle Low German b?del (“property, real estate”). Related to build.

Alternative forms

• bolde, boolde (both obsolete)

Noun

bold (plural bolds)

1. (obsolete) A dwelling; habitation; building.

Related terms

• bottle
• build

Etymology 2

From Middle English bold, bolde, bald, beald, from Old English bald, beald (“bold, brave, confident, strong, of good courage, presumptuous, impudent”), from Proto-West Germanic *balþ, from Proto-Germanic *balþaz (“strong, bold”), from Proto-Indo-European *b?el-, *b?l?- (“to bloat, swell, bubble”).

Cognate with Dutch boud (“bold, courageous, fearless”), Middle High German balt (“bold”) (whence German bald (“soon”)), Swedish båld (“bold, dauntless”). Perhaps related to Albanian ballë (“forehead”) and Old Prussian balo (“forehead”). For semantic development compare Italian affrontare (“to face, to deal with”), sfrontato (“bold, daring, insolent”), both from Latin frons (“forehead”).

Adjective

bold (comparative bolder, superlative boldest)

1. Courageous, daring.
   • 2005, Plato, Sophist. Translation by Lesley Brown. 239c.

     It would be extraordinarily bold of me to give it a try after seeing what has happened to you.

2. Visually striking; conspicuous.

   the painter's bold use of colour and outline

3. (typography, of typefaces) Having thicker strokes than the ordinary form of the typeface.

4. Presumptuous, forward or impudent.

   • […] even the bolde?t and mo?t affirmative Philo?ophy, which has ever attempted to impo?e its crude Dictates and Principles on Mankind.

5. (Ireland) Naughty; insolent; badly-behaved.

   All of her children are terribly bold and never do as they are told.

6. Full-bodied.
7. (Philippines) Pornographic; depicting nudity.
8. Steep or abrupt.

Synonyms

• (courageous): audacious, brave, courageous, daring, forward, doughty
• See also Thesaurus:brave

Related terms

• bield
• bolden
• boldness
• embolden

Translations

Etymology 3

From Middle English bolden, balden, from Old English baldian, bealdian, from Proto-Germanic *balþ?n?, related to *balþaz (see above). Cognate with Old High German irbald?n (“to become bold, dare”).

Verb

bold (third-person singular simple present bolds, present participle bolding, simple past and past participle bolded)

1. (transitive) To make (a font or some text) bold.
2. (transitive, obsolete) To make bold or daring.

   • […] for this bu?ines,

     It touches vs, as France inuades our land

     Not bolds the King, with others whome I feare,

     Mo?t iu?t and heauy cau?es make oppo?e.

3. (intransitive, obsolete) To become bold.

Anagrams

• BLOD

Cebuano

Etymology

From English bold, from 1940s-1970s bold films (exploitation film).

Adjective

bold

1. naked, nude
2. pornographic

Danish

Alternative forms

• boldt (archaic)

Etymology

From Old Norse b?llr

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [?b??l?d?]
• Rhymes: -?ld

Noun

bold c (singular definite bolden, plural indefinite bolde)

1. ball

Declension

Derived terms

• fodbold
• tennisbold

Further reading

• “bold” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “bold” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Old English

Etymology

Probably representing an earlier *bodl, *boþl, from Proto-West Germanic *b?þl, from Proto-Germanic *b?þl?, from an instrumental form of *b?an? (“to dwell”). Compare Old Norse ból. More at suffix -eld.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bold/, [bo?d]

Noun

bold n

1. house, dwelling, building

Declension

Descendants

• Middle English: bold
  • English: bold

Romanian

Etymology

From a Common Slavic root *bodli.

Noun

bold n (plural bolduri)

1. pin

Derived terms

• îmboldi

See also

• ac