different between root vs original

English

Pronunciation

• enPR: ro?ot, IPA^(key): /?u?t/
• (Midwestern US) IPA^(key): /??t/
• Rhymes: -u?t, -?t
• Homophones: route (some pronunciations), rute

Etymology 1

From Middle English rote, root, roote (“the underground part of a plant”), from late Old English r?t, from Old Norse rót (Icelandic rót), from Proto-Germanic *wr?ts, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh?ds (“root”); cognate with wort, radish, and radix.

Noun

root (countable and uncountable, plural roots)

2. The part of a plant, generally underground, that anchors and supports the plant body, absorbs and stores water and nutrients, and in some plants is able to perform vegetative reproduction.

   Hyponym: taproot

3. A root vegetable.

   • [...] two fields which should have been sown with roots in the early summer were not sown because the ploughing had not been completed early enough.

4. The part of a tooth extending into the bone holding the tooth in place.

5. The part of a hair under the skin that holds the hair in place.

6. The part of a hair near the skin that has not been dyed, permed, or otherwise treated.

7. (figuratively) The primary source; origin.

   Synonyms: basis, origin, source

   • , Book 1

     They were the roots out of which sprang two distinct people.
8. (arithmetic) Of a number or expression, a number which, when raised to a specified power, yields the specified number or expression.

   Hyponyms: cube root, functional root, square root

9. (arithmetic) A square root (understood if no power is specified; in which case, “the root of” is often abbreviated to “root”).
   • 1899, Dante Gabriel Rossetti (transl.), The New Life (La Vita Nuova) of Dante Alighieri, Siddall edition, page 122.

     The number three is the root of the number nine; […] being multiplied merely by itself, it produceth nine, as we manifestly perceive that three times three are nine.

10. (mathematical analysis) A zero (of an equation).

    Synonym: zero

    Antonym: pole

    Holonym: kernel

11. (graph theory, computing) The single node of a tree that has no parent.
12. (linguistic morphology) The primary lexical unit of a word, which carries the most significant aspects of semantic content and cannot be reduced into smaller constituents. Inflectional stems often derive from roots.

    Coordinate term: stem
13. (linguistics) A word from which another word or words are derived.

    Synonym: etymon

14. (music) The fundamental tone of any chord; the tone from whose harmonics, or overtones, a chord is composed.

    (Can we find and add a quotation of Busby to this entry?)

15. The lowest place, position, or part.
    • 1812, Robert Southey, Omniana

      the roots of the mountains

16. (computing) In UNIX terminology, the first user account with complete access to the operating system and its configuration, found at the root of the directory structure; the person who manages accounts on a UNIX system.

    Synonyms: superuser, root account, root user

17. (computing) The highest directory of a directory structure which may contain both files and subdirectories.

18. (slang) A penis, especially the base of a penis.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

root (third-person singular simple present roots, present participle rooting, simple past and past participle rooted)

1. To grow roots; to enter the earth, as roots; to take root and begin to grow.

   • In deep grounds the weeds root the deeper.
2. To prepare, oversee, or otherwise cause the rooting of cuttings

3. To be firmly fixed; to be established.
   • 1823, Gilbert Burnet, The Life of Sir Matthew Hale, Knt., Sometime Lord Chief Justice of His Majesty's Court of King's-Bench

     If any irregularity chanced to intervene and to cause misapprehensions, he gave them not leave to root and fasten by concealment.
4. (computing slang, transitive) To get root or privileged access on a computer system or mobile phone, often through bypassing some security mechanism.

   Synonym: (mobile phone) jailbreak

Etymology 2

From Middle English wr?ten (“to dig with the snout”), from Old English wr?tan, from Proto-Germanic *wr?tan? (“to dig out, to root”). Related to Old English wr?t (“snout; trunk”). Loss of initial w- probably due to influence from the related noun (Etymology 1).

Verb

root (third-person singular simple present roots, present participle rooting, simple past and past participle rooted)

2. (transitive, intransitive) To turn up or dig with the snout.
   • c. 1515–1516, published 1568, John Skelton, Again?t venemous tongues enpoy?oned with ?claunder and fal?e detractions &c.:

     Such tunges ?huld be torne out by the harde rootes,
     Hoyning like hogges that groynis and wrotes.

3. (by extension) To seek favour or advancement by low arts or grovelling servility; to fawn.
   • 1592, William Shakespeare, Richard III, Act I, scene 3:

     Thou elvish-marked, abortive, rooting hog!

4. (intransitive) To rummage; to search as if by digging in soil.

   Synonyms: dig out, root out, rummage

5. (transitive) To root out; to abolish.
   • The Lord rooted them out of their land [...] and cast them into another land.

6. (Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, vulgar, slang) To have sexual intercourse.

   Synonyms: screw, bang, (US) drill, (British) shag; see also Thesaurus:copulate with

Usage notes

• The Australian/New Zealand sexual sense is somewhat milder than fuck but still quite coarse, and certainly not for polite conversation. The sexual sense will often be understood, unless care is taken with the context to make the rummage sense clear, or root through or root around is used. The past participle rooted is equivalent to fucked in the figurative sense of broken or tired, but rooting has only the direct verbal sense; it is not an all-purpose intensive like fucking.

Derived terms

Translations

Noun

root (plural roots)

1. (Australia, New Zealand, vulgar, slang) An act of sexual intercourse.

   Synonyms: (UK, US) screw, (UK) shag; see also Thesaurus:copulation

2. (Australia, New Zealand, vulgar, slang) A sexual partner.

   Synonym: (US) screw

Usage notes

• The Australian/New Zealand sexual sense of root is somewhat milder than fuck but still quite coarse, certainly not for polite conversation. The normal usage is to have a root or similar.

Translations

Etymology 3

Possibly an alteration of rout (“to make a loud noise”), influenced by hoot.

Verb

root (third-person singular simple present roots, present participle rooting, simple past and past participle rooted)

1. (intransitive, with "for" or "on", US) To cheer (on); to show support (for) and hope for the success of. (See root for.) [late 19th century]

   Synonyms: (Australia, New Zealand) barrack, cheer on

   • 1908, Jack Norworth, Take Me Out to the Ball Game

     Let me root, root, root for the home team,

Translations

Anagrams

• Toor, Toro, roto, roto-, toro, troo

Chinese

Etymology

Borrowed from English root.

Verb

root

1. (computing slang) to root (an Android device) (to get root or privileged access)

   ????root????? [MSC, trad.]
   ????root????? [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè bù sh?uj? root hòu bù b?oxi?. [Pinyin]

   This mobile phone will not be guaranteed if it is rooted.

See also

• ????? (yuèyù, “to jailbreak”)

German Low German

Alternative forms

• raud
• rauth
• rod, rood
• rot, roth

Etymology

From Old Saxon r?d, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h?rowd?ós < *h?rewd?-. Compare Dutch rood, German rot, West Frisian read, English red, Danish rød.

Adjective

root (comparative röder, superlative röödst)

1. red

Declension

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch r?t, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h?rowd?ós, from the root *h?rewd?-.

Adjective

rôot

1. red

Inflection

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: rood
  • Afrikaans: rooi
• Limburgish: roead

Further reading

• “root”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929) , “root (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, ?ISBN, page I

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English r?t.

Noun

root

1. Alternative form of rote (“root”)

Etymology 2

Unknown.

Noun

root

1. Alternative form of rote (“habit”)

Etymology 3

A back-formation from roten (“to rot”).

Noun

root

1. Alternative form of rot

Plautdietsch

Adjective

root

1. red

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from English root.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /??ut??/

Noun

root m (plural roots)

1. (computing) root (user with complete access to the operating system)

English

Etymology

From Middle English original, from Old French original, from Late Latin or?gin?lis (“primitive, original”), from Latin or?g? (“beginning, source, origin”); see origin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /????d??n?l/, /????d??n?l/, /????d?n?l/
• Hyphenation: ori?gi?nal, orig?inal

Adjective

original (comparative more original, superlative most original)

1. (not comparable) relating to the origin or beginning; preceding all others
2. (not comparable) first in a series or copies/versions

   Synonym: initial

3. (not comparable) newly created

4. (comparable) fresh, different

5. (not comparable) pioneering

6. (not comparable) having as its origin

Synonyms

• autograph
• prototype

Antonyms

• (first in a series):
  • copy, reproduction, simile (imitation)
  • derivative (branch)
  • ultimate (last, extreme)

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Noun

original (plural originals)

1. An object or other creation (e.g. narrative work) from which all later copies and variations are derived.

   Synonym: prototype

   Hyponym: autograph

   Antonyms: copy, derivative, remake, reproduction, ultimate

2. A person with a unique and interesting personality or creative talent.
   • 1700, Tom Brown, Amusements Serious and Comical, calculated for the Meridian of London, page 5:

     I have a great mind to be in Print; but above all, I would fain be an Original, and that is a true Comical Thought: When all the Learned Men in the World are but Tran?lators, is it not a Plea?ant Je?t, that you ?hould ?trive to be an Original! You ?hould have ob?erved your Time, and have come into the World with the Ancient Greeks for that purpo?e; for the Latines them?elves are but Copies.

3. (archaic) An eccentric person.

Translations

Further reading

• original in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• original in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin or?gin?lis, attested from the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /o.?i.?i?nal/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /u.?i.?i?nal/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /o.?i.d??i?nal/

Adjective

original (masculine and feminine plural originals)

1. original

Derived terms

• originalitat
• originalment

Related terms

• origen

References

Further reading

• “original” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “original” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “original” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Danish

Adjective

original (neuter originalt, plural and definite singular attributive originale)

1. original

Noun

original c (singular definite originalen, plural indefinite originaler)

1. an original

Declension

Further reading

• “original” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “original” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin or?gin?lis. Doublet of originel.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?.?i.?i.nal/
• Homophones: originale, originales

Adjective

original (feminine singular originale, masculine plural originaux, feminine plural originales)

1. original

   Antonyms: banal, copié, reproduit, vulgaire

Related terms

Noun

original m (plural originaux)

1. an unusual or eccentric person
2. an original manuscript

   Synonym: autographe

Further reading

• “original” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

German

Etymology

Borrowed from French original, from Old French original, from Late Latin or?gin?lis (“primitive, original”), from Latin or?g? (“beginning, source, origin”). Doublet of originell.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o?i?i?na?l/
• Rhymes: -a?l

Adjective

original (comparative originaler, superlative am originalsten)

1. original

Declension

Related terms

Further reading

• “original” in Duden online

Middle English

Alternative forms

• oryginall, origynall, orygynal, orygynall, origynal, oryginal, oregynall, originalle, originall

Etymology

From Old French original, from Late Latin or?gin?lis; equivalent to origyne +? -al.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /?ri?i?na?l/, /?ri?i?nal/, /?ri??i?nal/

Adjective

original (plural and weak singular originale)

1. original, primordial; preceding everything else
2. connected to the origin or beginning of something

Derived terms

• originali

Descendants

• English: original
• Scots: original, oreeginal

References

• “or???in??l(e, adj.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-26.

Noun

original (plural originals) (Late Middle English)

1. the origin, lineage, or provenance of something
2. the authoritative, authorial, or primordial version of a work or source
3. (rare) something that isn't living or artificial; a primordial element
4. (rare) a reason, factor, or generator of something
5. (rare) the root or etymological ancestor of a word
6. (rare, religion) the making of the universe
7. (rare, law) a legal document beginning legal action

Derived terms

• originali

Descendants

• English: original
• Scots: original, oreeginal

References

• “or???in??l(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-26.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin or?gin?lis; the noun being derived from the adjective.

Adjective

original (neuter singular originalt, definite singular and plural originale)

1. original

Noun

original m (definite singular originalen, indefinite plural originaler, definite plural originalene)

1. an original

References

• “original” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin or?gin?lis; the noun being derived from the adjective.

Adjective

original (neuter singular originalt, definite singular and plural originale)

1. original

Noun

original m (definite singular originalen, indefinite plural originalar, definite plural originalane)

1. an original

References

• “original” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin or?gin?lis.

Adjective

original m (feminine singular originala, masculine plural originals, feminine plural originalas)

1. original

Derived terms

• originalitat
• originalament

Related terms

• origina

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin or?gin?lis.

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /o?i?i?naw/
• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /u???i?na?/, /??i?i?na?/
• Hyphenation: o?ri?gi?nal

Adjective

original m or f (plural originais, comparable)

1. original (relating to the origin or beginning)
2. original (being the first in a series)
3. original (different; unique)

Derived terms

• originalidade
• originalmente

Related terms

• origem

Further reading

• “original” in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa.
• “original” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ori??na?l/
• Hyphenation: o?ri?gi?nal

Noun

origìn?l m (Cyrillic spelling ?????????)

1. original

   Antonym: falsifikat

Declension

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin or?gin?lis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o?ixi?nal/, [o.?i.xi?nal]
• Hyphenation: o?ri?gi?nal

Adjective

original (plural originales)

1. original

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

• “original” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.